Justifications of Internet Infidelity in Romanian Women with Extra-Dyadic Affairs: A Qualitative Study Proposal

The rapid development of Internet and social networking services in the last decade have augmented the possibilities to engage in activities online that can be classified as infidelity, and introduced new challenges into the practice of couple and sex therapists. Thus, the rise in popularity of the Internet has led to an ever-increasing number of spouses meeting others, outside of their marriage Many of these relationships start off innocently and end after a short period of time. However, an alarming number develop into emotional and/or physical extramarital affairs (Glass, 2000). This phenomenon is referred to as Internet infidelity. We define Internet infidelity as using the Internet to take sexual energy of any sort–thoughts, feelings, and behaviors–outside of a committed sexual relationship in such a way that it damages the relationship. It is further exacerbated when one spouse pretends that this drain of energy will affect neither their partner nor the relationship, as long as it remains undiscovered. Although lustful thoughts and feelings outside of a marriage are not inherently harmful or wrong, acting on these feelings and/or hiding them devitalizes the relationship, compromises integrity, and co-opts the other partner’s choices (Shaw, 1997). Due to the higher statistics of male Internet infidelity, the focus of previous studies has been on investigating the justifications for Internet infidelity in this gender group. On the other hand, since Internet marital infidelity is a complex issue (Maheu & Subotnik, 2001), a multifaceted phenomenon that includes both an emotional, a sexual (Abdi et al., 2012, Henline, Howard & Lamke, 2007) and a communicative component (Tafoya & Spitzberg, 2007), it really affects every country’s culture, people, and even families. To this end, this study aims at analyzing the justifications behind Internet infidelity in women with extra-marital relationships in the form of a qualitative study. This study is conducted through a qualitative research approach and by using the content analysis method. Participants include women referred to the counseling centers in the city of Galaţi. Purposive sampling will be used and continued until data saturation. Semi-structured interviews will be employed as the primary method of data collection. The data will be analyzed via qualitative content analysis and constant comparative analysis methods. After the examination and division of the basic concepts, a certain number of initial codes will be extracted from interviews. The categories will be created based on the codes following several reviews and summarizations on the basis of similarities. By the nature, these conceptual and abstract themes will be named in several categories. According to the literature review, these ones can vary from intrapersonal factors, marital conflicts, and sexual justifications, to anonymity, access, convenience, affordability, escape reasons (Young & Cooper, 2007). An important focus in this study will be on the factors affecting female Internet infidelity and its dimensions. These factors may also include intrapersonal factors, marital conflicts, sexual or communicative justifications. Our findings can help psychologists, family counselors, and planners in the field of the social sciences identify the efficient scopes and purposes

Assessing the Role of Access to Finance for Young Potential Entrepreneurs: The Case of Romania

The significant role played by youth entrepreneurship for the economic growth of countries has shift the attention of researchers to the potential entrepreneurs, and how to stimulate the enter on the market of new and innovative individuals which might have positive effects on economic development. The present research is conducted to identify the influence of some characteristics of business environment and of access to financial resources on entrepreneurial intentions of faculty students from one of the largest universities of Romania. We conducted the study on a sample of undergraduate and master students, by applying a questionnaire. The main objectives of this paper are to analyze how the young potential entrepreneurs perceive the access to finance for start-ups and if this factor would be a significant predictor of the decision to become entrepreneurs of the students. In addition, our study discusses how policy makers could provide support for young people to create innovative businesses, from a financial perspective. Our findings show a high level of entrepreneurial intentions among the interviewed students, but also that easy access to financial resources is the most important obstacle identified by the students with entrepreneurial intentions. Young entrepreneurs encounter significant obstacles in trying to obtain the necessary financial resources because they do not have a market history or sufficient guarantees. Access to information and fewer business regulations were also identified as factors with a significant contribution on the entrepreneurial orientation of youth. The implications of the study are significant for potential policy intervention, because emphasize the need of the policymakers to stimulate young entrepreneurs by promoting policies that allow young entrepreneurs greater access to finance. Keywords: young entrepreneurs, potential entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial intentions, access to finance, business environment, university student

Access to Finance of SMEs in CEE Countries and Supportive Measures

The access to finance is very important for the proper functioning and development of the enterprises. But, unfortunately, the access to finance is one of the major problems faced by the SMEs from all the European Union countries. Moreover, the recent financial crisis has brought even more challenges for these enterprises, because the deteriorating macroeconomic environmentand the uncertainty about the macroeconomic outlook caused creditors to show a greater reluctance in lending to these enterprises.Thus, the objective of our paper is to analyze the problems faced by the SMEs from ten Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries when trying to obtain the financial resources they need in current times, after the recent financial crisis. Another objective is to highlight the reforms adopted by these countries to sustain SMEs financing.The main findings of our paper are the fact that the current financial crisis had major negative implications on SMEs' access to finance and the measures taken by the decision makers to support lending of these enterprises are not enough, they must extend, in order to achieve a level of the access to finance of SMEs similar to the one in the developed European countries

Constraints on Bank Lending to SMEs from Romania and Supportive Measures

The access to finance is indispensable for the efficient allocation of capital and the enterprise development. However, when compared with large enterprises, small and medium enterprises face many difficulties when pursuing to procure financial resources. In Romania, the financial system is focused on banks so bank loans have an overwhelming share from the resources of external finance for SMEs. However, these companies face many obstacles in terms of applying for bank loans. Thus, we may notice that some banks refuse to grant loans or increase interest rates for operational SMEs that do not offer adequate guarantees or do not have a credit history, because they have just started their activity or they have a degree of solvency that does not fall into the limits imposed by the banks in question. In crisis conditions, SMEs face increasing difficulties in contracting bank loans because the deteriorating macroeconomic environment and the uncertainty about the macroeconomic outlook causes banks to show a greater reluctance in lending to these enterprises. Our paper aims to highlight the main constraints faced by SMEs in accessing bank loans, the implications of the current crisis on SMEs' access to bank loans and the measures taken by public authorities to support bank lending to these enterprises

Economic Performance of the SME sector in CEE Countries: an Empirical Investigation

Small and medium enterprises are an important part of a country’s economy and are a significant source for creating value added, employment, innovation and economic growth. Because of this improving their performance is a major concern of the specialists in the field. Through this paper we intend to evaluate the evolution of the SMEs performance between 2008 and 2014, but also to determine the factors that are influencing the growth of the value added of SMEs in the Central and Eastern European countries. In order to achieve the objectives proposed we use as methods the comparison of indicators and multiple linear regression models. The results obtained show that a part of the considered macroeconomic performance indicators, such as: total tax rate, exports of goods and services and private final consumption are statistically significant and have a strong influence on the SMEs performance. Also we observe important differences according to firm size

Self-similarity of seismic moment release to volume change scaling for volcanoes: a comparison with injection-induced seismicity

Estimates of intruded magma volume are critical for forecasting volcanic unrest. Geodetic modeling can provide such estimates but is of limited use in submarine and highly vegetated settings. A complementary approach could be to use estimates of seismic moment release. In this study, we examine the moment-volume scaling of several proximal volcanic earthquake sequences and compare it to that of injection-induced seismicity. We find a notable similarity in scaling between the volcanic sequences, which contrasts with the broad range of responses exhibited by anthropogenic injection-induced sequences. This may imply an underlying similarity in the geologic conditions for volcanoes that is distinct from induced seismicity settings. It could also allow for estimates of intruded volume to be made without geodetic information. This provides further insight into the factors controlling seismogenesis in these different settings and has implications for volcano seismology and injection-induced seismicity hazard estimation

Prevenir o proteger desde la institucionalidad : una mirada a los mecanismos de prevención con respecto a la trata de personas en el Departamento de Risaralda

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del estudio denominado prevenir o proteger desde la institucionalidad: Una mirada a los mecanismos de prevención con respecto a la trata de personas en el Departamento de Risaralda. Estudios previos plantean que la trata de personas es una problemática presente en la sociedad Risaraldense, toda vez que el territorio se encuentra referenciado como un lugar de origen recepción y traslado de víctimas de este delito. Este estudio se planteó ¿Cuáles son los mecanismos de prevención con respecto a la trata de personas en el Departamento de Risaralda? Para responder a este interrogante se realizó un acercamiento a los comités de lucha contra la trata de personas para establecer las acciones que los mismos desarrollan en relación con el tema. El mismo se desarrolló en el marco de la investigación cualitativa y desde un enfoque narrativo. A partir de este se pudo establecer que los Mecanismos de Prevención con relación a la trata de personas se encuentran cimentados en acciones de carácter informativas y formativas desde las cuales se plantean actividades de prevención sin incidir en una reducción contundente frente al delito

Habilidades metacognitivas en el aprendizaje significativo de estudiantes de una institución educativa pública de Cusco, 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito establecer la influencia de las habilidades metacognitivas en el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes en una institución educativa pública del Cusco, 2021. El estudio se centró en el enfoque cuantitativo, siendo una investigación de tipo aplicada, empleando un diseño no experimental, transversal. La muestra lo conformaron 100 estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria de una institución pública, a quienes, mediante la encuesta, se les aplicó un cuestionario constituido por 98 ítems. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se colige que la variable habilidades metacognitivas influyen favorablemente en el aprendizaje significativo de los alumnos de secundaria, lo cual se afirma en los resultados de la prueba de logaritmo de verosimilitud y chi cuadrado (108,280) donde el p-valor 0,00 es menor que 0.05, dando a conocer que las habilidades metacognitivas han repercutido favorablemente en el aprendizaje significativo. Por consiguiente, el valor pseudor cuadrado 0.763 indica que la variabilidad de Nagelkerke explicada por el modelo, estima un 76,3% de variabilidad de la influencia entre la variable dependiente asociada con la variable independiente

The Effect of Hurricane Sandy on New Jersey Atlantic Coastal Marshes Evaluated with Satellite Imagery

Hurricane Sandy, one of several large extratropical hurricanes to impact New Jersey since 1900, produced some of the most extensive coastal destruction within the last fifty years. Though the damage to barrier islands from Sandy has been well-documented, the effect of Sandy on the New Jersey coastal marshes has received little attention. The objective of this analysis, based on twenty Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data sets collected between 1984 and 2011 as well as three Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images collected between 2013 and 2014 was to determine the effect of Hurricane Sandy on the New Jersey Atlantic coastal marshes. Image processing was performed using ENVI (Environment for Visualizing Images) image analysis software with the NDX model (Rogers and Kearney, 2004). The study area was limited to the marshes located in Landsat Path 14 and Rows 32 and 33 which are the northern and southern parts of New Jersey. Validation was achieved through field work (visual estimation of vegetation density and cover) and through a marsh vegetation biomass study at five locations. Two Spot 5 data sets, covering the study area, but with a 10 m spatial resolution were used to estimate land loss between October 13, 2012 (before Sandy) and December 30, 2012 (after Sandy and after vegetation senescence occurred). Results support the conclusion that the marshland area was stable between 1984 and 2006 with only minor inter-annual variation, but has decreased steadily in the density of vegetation coverage since 2007 from different impacts including Hurricane Sandy. Hurricane Sandy caused the greatest damage to low-lying marshes located on islands close to where landfall occurred